sockaddr functions

This namespace wraps the github.com/hashicorp/go-sockaddr package, which makes it easy to discover information about a system’s network interfaces.

These functions are partly documented here for convenience, but the canonical documentation is at https://godoc.org/github.com/hashicorp/go-sockaddr.

Aside from some convenience functions, the general method of working with these functions is through a pipeline. There are source functions, which select interfaces (IfAddr), and there are functions to further filter, refine, and finally to select the specific attributes you’re interested in.

To demonstrate how this can be used, here’s an example that lists all of the IPv4 addresses available on the system:

in.tmpl:

{{ range (sockaddr.GetAllInterfaces | sockaddr.Include "type" "ipv4") -}}
{{ . | sockaddr.Attr "address" }}
{{end}}

$ gomplate -f in.tmpl
127.0.0.1
10.0.0.8
132.79.79.79

`sockaddr.GetAllInterfaces`

Iterates over all available network interfaces and finds all available IP addresses on each interface and converts them to sockaddr.IPAddrs, and returning the result as an array of IfAddr.

Should be piped through a further function to refine and extract attributes.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.GetAllInterfaces

`sockaddr.GetDefaultInterfaces`

Returns IfAddrs of the addresses attached to the default route.

Should be piped through a further function to refine and extract attributes.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.GetDefaultInterfaces

`sockaddr.GetPrivateInterfaces`

Returns an array of IfAddrs containing every IP that matches RFC 6890, is attached to the interface with the default route, and is a forwardable IP address.

Note: RFC 6890 is a more exhaustive version of RFC 1918 because it spans IPv4 and IPv6, however it does permit the inclusion of likely undesired addresses such as multicast, therefore our definition of a “private” address also excludes non-forwardable IP addresses (as defined by the IETF).

Should be piped through a further function to refine and extract attributes.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.GetPrivateInterfaces

`sockaddr.GetPublicInterfaces`

Returns an array of IfAddrs that do not match RFC 6890, are attached to the default route, and are forwardable.

Should be piped through a further function to refine and extract attributes.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.GetPublicInterfaces

`sockaddr.Sort`

Returns an array of IfAddrs sorted based on the given selector. Multiple sort clauses can be passed in as a comma-delimited list without whitespace.

Selectors

The valid selectors are:

selector	sorts by…
`address`	the network address
`default`	whether or not the `IfAddr` has a default route
`name`	the interface name
`port`	the port, if included in the `IfAddr`
`size`	the size of the network mask, smaller mask (larger number of hosts per network) to largest (e.g. a /24 sorts before a /32)
`type`	the type of the `IfAddr`. Order is Unix, IPv4, then IPv6

Each of these selectors sort ascending, but a descending sort may be chosen by prefixing the selector with a - (e.g. -address). You may prefix with a + to make explicit that the sort is ascending.

IfAddrs that are not comparable will be at the end of the list and in a non-deterministic order.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.Sort selector <array-of-IfAddrs>

<array-of-IfAddrs> | sockaddr.Sort selector

Arguments

name	description
`selector`	(required) which selector to use (see above for values)
`<array-of-IfAddrs>`	(required) the array of `IfAddr`s to sort

Examples

To sort first by interface name, then by address (descending):

$ gomplate -i '{{ sockaddr.GetAllInterfaces | sockaddr.Sort "name,-address" }}'

`sockaddr.Exclude`

Returns an array of IfAddrs filtered by interfaces that do not match the given selector’s value.

Selectors

The valid selectors are:

selector	excludes by…
`address`	the network address
`flag`	the specified flags (see below)
`name`	the interface name
`network`	being part of the given IP network (in net/mask format)
`port`	the port, if included in the `IfAddr`
`rfc`	being included in networks defined by the given RFC. See the source code for a list of valid RFCs
`size`	the size of the network mask, as number of bits (e.g. `"24"` for a /24)
`type`	the type of the `IfAddr`. `unix`, `ipv4`, or `ipv6`

supported flags

These flags are supported by the flag selector: broadcast, down, forwardable, global unicast, interface-local multicast, link-local multicast, link-local unicast, loopback, multicast, point-to-point, unspecified, up

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.Exclude selector value <array-of-IfAddrs>

<array-of-IfAddrs> | sockaddr.Exclude selector value

Arguments

name	description
`selector`	(required) which selector to use (see above for values)
`value`	(required) the selector value to exclude
`<array-of-IfAddrs>`	(required) the array of `IfAddr`s to consider

Examples

To exclude all IPv6 interfaces:

$ gomplate -i '{{ sockaddr.GetAllInterfaces | sockaddr.Exclude "type" "ipv6" }}'

`sockaddr.Include`

Returns an array of IfAddrs filtered by interfaces that match the given selector’s value.

This is the inverse of sockaddr.Exclude. See sockaddr.Exclude for details.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.Include selector value <array-of-IfAddrs>

<array-of-IfAddrs> | sockaddr.Include selector value

Arguments

name	description
`selector`	(required) which selector to use (see above for values)
`value`	(required) the selector value to include
`<array-of-IfAddrs>`	(required) the array of `IfAddr`s to consider

`sockaddr.Attr`

Returns the named attribute as a string.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.Attr selector <array-of-IfAddrs>

<array-of-IfAddrs> | sockaddr.Attr selector

Arguments

name	description
`selector`	(required) the attribute to return
`<array-of-IfAddrs>`	(required) the array of `IfAddr`s to inspect

Examples

$ gomplate -i '{{ range (sockaddr.GetAllInterfaces | sockaddr.Include "type" "ipv4") }}{{ . | sockaddr.Attr "name" }} {{end}}'
lo0 en0

`sockaddr.Join`

Selects the given attribute from each IfAddr in the source array, and joins the results with the given separator.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.Join selector separator <array-of-IfAddrs>

<array-of-IfAddrs> | sockaddr.Join selector separator

Arguments

name	description
`selector`	(required) the attribute to select
`separator`	(required) the separator
`<array-of-IfAddrs>`	(required) the array of `IfAddr`s to join

Examples

$ gomplate -i '{{ sockaddr.GetAllInterfaces | sockaddr.Join "name" "," }}'
lo0,lo0,lo0,en0,en0

`sockaddr.Limit`

Returns a slice of IfAddrs based on the specified limit.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.Limit limit <array-of-IfAddrs>

<array-of-IfAddrs> | sockaddr.Limit limit

Arguments

name	description
`limit`	(required) the maximum number of `IfAddrs`
`<array-of-IfAddrs>`	(required) the array of `IfAddr`s

Examples

$ gomplate -i '{{ sockaddr.GetAllInterfaces | sockaddr.Limit 2 | sockaddr.Join "name" "|" }}'
lo0|lo0

`sockaddr.Offset`

Returns a slice of IfAddrs based on the specified offset.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.Offset offset <array-of-IfAddrs>

<array-of-IfAddrs> | sockaddr.Offset offset

Arguments

name	description
`offset`	(required) the offset
`<array-of-IfAddrs>`	(required) the array of `IfAddr`s

Examples

$ gomplate -i '{{ sockaddr.GetAllInterfaces | sockaddr.Limit 2 | sockaddr.Offset 1 | sockaddr.Attr "address" }}'
::1

`sockaddr.Unique`

Creates a unique array of IfAddrs based on the matching selector. Assumes the input has already been sorted.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.Unique selector <array-of-IfAddrs>

<array-of-IfAddrs> | sockaddr.Unique selector

Arguments

name	description
`selector`	(required) the attribute to select
`<array-of-IfAddrs>`	(required) the array of `IfAddr`s

Examples

$ gomplate -i '{{ sockaddr.GetAllInterfaces | sockaddr.Unique "name" | sockaddr.Join "name" ", " }}'
lo0, en0

`sockaddr.Math`

Applies a math operation to each IfAddr in the input. Any failure will result in zero results.

See the source code for details.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.Math selector operation <array-of-IfAddrs>

<array-of-IfAddrs> | sockaddr.Math selector operation

Arguments

name	description
`selector`	(required) the attribute to operate on
`operation`	(required) the operation
`<array-of-IfAddrs>`	(required) the array of `IfAddr`s

Examples

$ gomplate -i '{{ sockaddr.GetAllInterfaces | sockaddr.Math "address" "+5" | sockaddr.Attr "address" }}'
127.0.0.6

`sockaddr.GetPrivateIP`

Returns a string with a single IP address that is part of RFC 6890 and has a default route. If the system can’t determine its IP address or find an RFC 6890 IP address, an empty string will be returned instead.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.GetPrivateIP

Examples

$ gomplate -i '{{ sockaddr.GetPrivateIP }}'
10.0.0.28

`sockaddr.GetPrivateIPs`

Returns a space-separated string with all IP addresses that are part of RFC 6890 (regardless of whether or not there is a default route, unlike GetPublicIP). If the system can’t find any RFC 6890 IP addresses, an empty string will be returned instead.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.GetPrivateIPs

Examples

$ gomplate -i '{{ sockaddr.GetPrivateIPs }}'
10.0.0.28 192.168.0.1

`sockaddr.GetPublicIP`

Returns a string with a single IP address that is NOT part of RFC 6890 and has a default route. If the system can’t determine its IP address or find a non-RFC 6890 IP address, an empty string will be returned instead.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.GetPublicIP

Examples

$ gomplate -i '{{ sockaddr.GetPublicIP }}'
8.1.2.3

`sockaddr.GetPublicIPs`

Returns a space-separated string with all IP addresses that are NOT part of RFC 6890 (regardless of whether or not there is a default route, unlike GetPublicIP). If the system can’t find any non-RFC 6890 IP addresses, an empty string will be returned instead.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.GetPublicIPs

Examples

$ gomplate -i '{{ sockaddr.GetPublicIPs }}'
8.1.2.3 8.2.3.4

`sockaddr.GetInterfaceIP`

Returns a string with a single IP address sorted by the size of the network (i.e. IP addresses with a smaller netmask, larger network size, are sorted first).

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.GetInterfaceIP name

Arguments

name	description
`name`	(required) the interface name

Examples

$ gomplate -i '{{ sockaddr.GetInterfaceIP "en0" }}'
10.0.0.28

`sockaddr.GetInterfaceIPs`

Returns a string with all IPs, sorted by the size of the network (i.e. IP addresses with a smaller netmask, larger network size, are sorted first), on a named interface.

Added in gomplate v2.4.0

Usage

sockaddr.GetInterfaceIPs name

Arguments

name	description
`name`	(required) the interface name

Examples

$ gomplate -i '{{ sockaddr.GetInterfaceIPs "en0" }}'
10.0.0.28 fe80::1f9a:5582:4b41:bd18